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Ring A: 4/20: Θywǵø |
Jonathan North Washington | ||
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| << toki pona | Calénnawn >> |
Θywǵøðiǵ pśuk dój haðíǰa luzwø: θunðøk zóm θunðøt θa haǵ haðíǰa pśiǵ reǵ sænði luzwø fukθø po rer, guǵsø θeǵje θermen θa ýajrk θirfon, θunðøk śið rajzdit. θunðøt śið rajzdit θunðøk, daǵ: has [θunðøt haðíǰa sim] zóm haǵ po [θunðøk haðíǰa sim]. fukθø herse, śejśe, θermen, fesθef, tuŋgø, tungø la rer has haðíǰa jajkkø śea kajjiǵ pjikæ po. po śelæ pśú daśpø reg, túẃ reg dar. pajk po: po haðíǰa suθnu sænði herse θa has śið fukθø po rer, fukθø zæ rer rajzðit pśikæ po. θunðøk śið eśæð sænði daǵ θunðøt: has [θunðøk haðíǰa sim] zóm haǵ po [θunðøt haðíǰa sim]. fukθø herse, śejśe, θermen, fesθef, tuŋgø, tungø la rer has haðíǰa jajkkø śea kajjiǵ pjikæ po. po śelæ pśú daśpø reg, túẃ reg dar. pajk po: po haðíǰa suθnu sænði herse θa has śið fukθø po rer, fukθø zæ rer rajzðit pśikæ po. śiǵ sænði luzwø θæθæ epo sænði daǵ θirfon: ýajnðikθ tajmij po śelæ! epo sænði daǵ ú hæhæ θunðu śelæ:
daśpo śí śin θa ðajśi tajmij daśpo śesm tæn. |
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Smooth TranslationPart of a longer story: how man and woman are joined/united First part At this time, the priest blesses a hard golden ring, and gives it to the man. The man gives to the woman and says: I [name of man] join myself with you [name of woman]. In good, bad, bright, empty, rich, and not-rich times, I will go along by your side. We have one body and one soul. I swear: now and forever, I will give you my love and goodness. The woman says the same to him: I [name of woman] join myself with you [name of man]. In good, bad, bright, empty, rich, and not-rich times, I will go along by your side. We have one body and one soul. I swear: now and forever, I will give you my love and goodness. Second part Then the priest says this: Let us pray! (The) people say or laugh this:
"Soul" deity, remove the whiteness from the soul. |
Translation from toki pona
Part of a longer story: how a person binds/unties/marries a man and a woman
Part one
At this time, the priest blesses a hard golden ring and gives it to the man. The man gives to his bride and says:
I [name of man] bind/unite myself to/with you [name of woman]. In good times, bad times, bright times, times of emptiness, times of wealth, and times of poverty, I will travel by your side. You and I are of one soul and one body. I swear this: now and forever, I will give my love and goodness to you.
The woman says the same to him:
I [name of woman] bind/unite myself to/with you [name of man]. In good times, bad times, bright times, times of emptiness, times of wealth, and times of poverty, I will travel by your side. You and I are of one soul and one body. I swear this: now and forever, I will give my love and goodness to you.
Part two
Then the priest says this:
Let us pray!
The people say or laugh this:
"Soul" deity, remove the whiteness from the soul.
"Sun" deity, shine down on everything.
"Great Fire" deity, don't hurt these two.
"Vegetable" deity, make these two grow.
"Moon" deity, shine at night / when it's dark.
Oh "Ocean" deity, bless the water to be as big as you.
"Wind" deity, send wind to [blow] their clothes and chill the heads
of these two.
"Forest" deity, provide shade for these two.
Keep evil from these two.
"Well-being" deity, bestow blessings/goodness on these two.
"Love and Sex" deity of the gold ring, bind these two.
Strange young person (elf?) and strange low person (dwarf?), guide
them to simplicity.
Now the two will begin to truly join in love.
Now and always, we want them to be good at this.
Grammar
General Info
&THgr,Theta;uwǵø exhibits the following characteristics:
- (point 1) almost completely isolating
- (point 2) OVS
- (point 3) number, then adjectives follow nouns to make noun phrases
- (point 4) relative clauses precede nouns as part of the noun phrase (see note 2)
- (point 5) there are some noun-noun compounds; these usually aren't included in the dictionary, but are available by request if desired
- (point 6) postpositions follow noun phrases
- (point 7) part of speech is often not clear
- (point 8) negation, aspect, tense, and then mood marking follow verbs
- (point 9) tense, aspect, and grammatical subject or object--but not negation--may be dropped if the context provides it already (e.g., "I came to Gaul, I saw Gaul, I conquered Gaul" would be something like "Gaul to I came, see, conquer").
- (point 10) as in above example (point 9), coördination is usually done with slight pauses, transcribed with commas. commutative "zóm" can be used with nouns, but isn't necessary.
- (point 11) general statements usually have no tense or aspect marking (usually implied in the context or unnecessary)
Notes
- (note 1) &THgr,Theta;uwǵø has combinational postpositions. The system can be demonstrated something like this (examples without translation are for illustration of how it works):
| . | "located at" | "moving away from" | "moving towards" |
| (hí) | (śí) | (śið) | |
| in | in | out of | into |
| on | on | off of | onto |
| at (śea) | at (śea hí) | from (śea śí) | to (śea śið) |
| now / a time during | after, since | before, until | |
| (rer) | (rer hí) | (rer śí) | (rer śið) |
| near (pśojǵ) | near (pśojǵ hí) | away from (pśojǵ śí) | up to (pśojǵ śið) |
| far away | far from | ~towards | ~away from |
| (hæðiǵ) | (hæðiǵ hí) | (hæðiǵ śið) | |
| possessive | -- | -- | for the benefit of |
| (pśú) | (pśú śið) |
…etc
- (note 2) the genetive case / compelementizer word "ẃaðíǰa" has many uses:
- attribuative: X ẃaðíǰa Y = the Y with X (X can be a phrase)
- relational: X ẃaðíǰa Y = the Y which Xes (where X is a verb phrase)
- genitive/possessive: X ẃaðíǰa Y = the X which is Y's …etc
- (note 3) to say "here/there", "now/then", etc, one uses the words for "place" and "time" with what also serve as personal pronouns; e.g. śurnø śæð (place 3rd) = "there", etc; if used alone, the "person" ending is added to the end of "e" (a general demonstratvie): e.g., "epo" = "that (which is by me)", "ehas" = "that (which is by you)"
- (note 4) there are 2 quotatitves in &THgr,Theta;uwǵø, but only one is used in this relay: "kesm"; "X kesm Y" means "the Y which is called X"; e.g. "reǵ kesm ðiǵ" = "the number 'one'"
- (note 5) in its imperative usage, this word is treated as a mood marker (see points 8 and 9 above). because of the dual usage of this word, it may occur twice in a row--this isn't a typo
Vocabulary
| dar | there is, there are; exist(s); be |
| daśpø | soul |
| dój | more |
| ðajśiǵ | hold, acquire, gain; keep; take, carry |
| ðæðæ | then, so, therefor |
| ðefne | comfort, ease, simplicity; comfortable, easy, simple |
| ðese | moon (on Pii, the larger and brighter of the two) |
| ðiklæ | continuative aspect (keep) |
| ðiǵ | word, utterance, message, that which is said, story |
| ðig | say |
| ðuggøǵ | water, liquid |
| ðugnø | cloth, clothes; soft |
| ðumjø | night, darkness |
| ehas | that (see note 3) |
| epo | this (see note 3) |
| eśæð | that (see note 3) |
| fesθef | void, empty; void, emptiness |
| fukθø | time (both occurrence of event and Time) (see note 3) |
| fútø | food, drink (any item of consumable nourishment) |
| guǵsø | silver; (by extension) a ring; (by further extension) circle, round |
| haðíǰa | its; genitive case; complementiser (that, which) (see note 2) |
| haǵ | gather, bind, fuse, join, bring together; gather, be bound, be fused, join, come together |
| has | 2nd person/place/time (see note 3); you |
| hæðiǵ | far from |
| hæhæ | laugh, chuckle |
| heððe | big, great |
| herse | good |
| hí | at, locative case (see note 1) |
| huwðø | cougar (can refer to other big cats) |
| jajkkø | side, edge, border, boundary |
| kajfir | protect, guard, act as a sentinel; rescue, save from danger |
| kajgiǵ | feel; feeling |
| kajjiǵ | go (come, arrive; travel; move--anything involving motion two points with potential waypoints) |
| kajlg | other, another; each other; one another |
| kesm | quotative (see note 4) |
| kussøm | grass, vegetables, greens |
| laj | perfective aspect |
| la | negative (see point 8) |
| luzwø | item; piece/part of a whole |
| majśit | bother, annoy |
| mig | danger, harm (noun), evil; harm (verb) |
| miw | see |
| pajk | swear |
| po | 1st person/place/time (see note 3); I |
| pøpæ | act of sex (for pleasure, not reproduction; can be used insultingly by various groups towards various groups) |
| pśesre | briefly, shortly; short, small |
| pśiǵ | road, path, way, how something is done |
| pśikæ | future tense (see point 8) |
| pśojǵ | near (see note 1) |
| pśuk | long, wide |
| rag | lead |
| rajzðit | give |
| rer | temporal locative (see note 1) |
| reǵ | one |
| ruspø | head |
| sænði | using; like, as (instrumental case); (makes numbers ordinal) |
| sajtir | try, attempt |
| sim | name |
| siθn | love (verb) |
| suθnø | love (noun) |
| śæð | 3rd person/place/time (see note 3); it, he, she |
| śea | located at (see note 1) |
| śeffe | cold, chilly (adjective); chill, make cold (verb); chill, coldness (noun) |
| śejśe | bad; cursed, damned, evil (adjective); shade, shadow |
| śelæ | plural |
| śelíj | but, however |
| śeśe | new, young |
| śið | to; towards (something like dative case) |
| śihilaj | inceptive aspect (event comes into beginning) |
| śiǵ | two |
| śin | day, sun; whiteness; white |
| śiri | imperfective aspect (includes habitual and continuous) |
| śiśtæ | cause, make happen; causative |
| śí | moving from, from, away from, ablative case (see note 1) |
| śúðøs | the world (pii, earth, etc) |
| śuǵjø | sell |
| śúntú | end, endpoint, finishline, etc |
| śurnø | place, location (see note 3) |
| śurwøǵ | cart, wagon, sled, etc (any land vehicle) |
| tajmij | make, do (general light verb); imperative (see note 5) |
| tæn | [any] deity |
| tuknø | fire |
| tuŋgø | wealth, richness, money; wealthy, rich |
| túẃ | body; mass, pile |
| θa | accusative case |
| θeǵje | solid, hard, thick |
| θermen | golden, bright; gold; |
| θirfon | priest, prophet |
| θunðøt | woman, female |
| θunðøk | man, male |
| θunðu | person |
| ú | or |
| ýajnðikθ | pray |
| ýajrk | bless |
| zajfr | [for wind to] blow (intransitive verb) |
| zæ | all, everything, everyone |
| zóm | with (commutative case), and (see point 10) |
| zufrø | wind |
| zútú | tree |
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